Matsalolin fasaha guda uku na gama gari a cikin rini da ƙarewa

M matakan
Takamaiman matakan jiyya:
1. Ana amfani da 100% naoh3% don launin toka kafin rini.Surface mai aiki wanka l%.Bayan jiyya a 130 ℃ na 60 min, rabon wanka shine 1:10 ~ 1:15.Hanyar da aka riga aka yi amfani da ita tana da wani tasiri mai tasiri akan fiber polyester, amma yana da matukar amfani don cire oligomers."Aurora" za a iya rage don polyester filament masana'anta, da kuma pilling sabon abu za a iya inganta ga matsakaici da gajere zaruruwa.
2. Sarrafa zafin rini a ƙasa da 120 ℃ da kuma amfani da hanyar rini mai ɗaukar kaya mai dacewa zai iya rage samar da oligomers kuma samun zurfin rini iri ɗaya.
3. Ƙara tarwatsa colloid additives a lokacin rini ba zai iya haifar da sakamako kawai ba, amma kuma ya hana oligomer daga hazo a kan masana'anta.
4. Bayan rini, za a fitar da maganin rini da sauri daga injin a babban zafin jiki na tsawon minti 5.Domin ana rarraba oligomer a ko'ina a cikin maganin rini a zafin jiki na 100-120 ℃, lokacin da zafin jiki ya kasa 100 ℃, suna da sauƙin tarawa da haɓaka kan samfuran rini.Koyaya, wasu yadudduka masu nauyi suna da sauƙin ƙirƙirar wrinkles.
5. Rini a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline zai iya rage yawan samuwar oligomers da kuma cire ragowar man a kan zane.Duk da haka, dole ne a zaɓi rini masu dacewa da rini a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline.
6. Bayan rini, a wanke tare da ragewa, ƙara 32.5% (380be) NaOH 3-5ml / L, sodium sulfate 3-4g / L, bi da a 70 ℃ na 30min, sa'an nan kuma wanke sanyi, zafi da sanyi, da kuma neutralize da acetic. acid.

Ga zaren farin foda
1. Cikakken hanyar ita ce hanyar magudanar ruwa mai zafi.
Alal misali, buɗe bawul ɗin magudanar ruwa nan da nan bayan an gama yawan zafin jiki na 130 ° C (120 ° C yana da kyau, amma ba zai iya zama ƙasa ba, saboda 120 ° C shine wurin juyawa na gilashin polyester).
● Duk da haka, yana da sauƙi.A zahiri, abu mafi mahimmanci shine matsala mafi wahala ta aminci: sauti da girgiza injina a lokacin fitar da ruwa mai zafi yana da ban mamaki, injinan tsufa yana da sauƙin fashe ko sassauta sukurori, da injunan rini na inji. zai fashe (hankali na musamman).
● Idan kana so ka gyara, zai fi kyau ka je masana'antar injuna na asali don tsara gyaran.Ba za ku iya ɗaukar ran ɗan adam a matsayin ƙaramin abu ba.
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na magudanar ruwa: magudanar ruwa zuwa tankin ruwa da magudanar ruwa zuwa yanayi.
● Kula da abin da ke faruwa a baya bayan fitarwa (kwararren kamfanin kera silinda ya san sosai).
● Magudanar zafin jiki mai girma yana da fa'idar rage rini, amma yana da wahala ga masana'antu waɗanda ke da ƙarancin haɓaka.

2. Ga masana'antun da ba za su iya fitar da ruwa a babban zafin jiki ba, za a iya amfani da kayan aikin oligomer don maye gurbin kayan aiki a cikin aikin tsaftacewa na raguwa, amma sakamakon ba 100% ba.
● A wanke silinda akai-akai bayan rini, kuma a wanke silinda sau ɗaya bayan kusan silinda 5 na matsakaici da duhu.
● Idan akwai ƙura mai yawa akan injin rini na ruwa na yanzu, fifiko na farko shine wanke silinda.

Wasu kuma suna ganin gishiri ya fi arha
Wasu mutane kuma suna tunanin cewa farashin gishiri yana da arha, kuma ana iya amfani da gishiri maimakon Yuanming foda.Duk da haka, yana da kyau a rina launuka masu haske da sodium hydroxide fiye da gishiri, kuma yana da kyau a rina launuka masu duhu da gishiri.Duk abin da ya dace dole ne a gwada shi kafin aikace-aikacen.

6. Dangantaka tsakanin sashi na sodium hydroxide da gishiri
Dangantakar da ke tsakanin adadin sodium hydroxide da adadin gishiri kamar haka:
6 sassa anhydrous Na2SO4 = 5 sassa NaCl
12 sassa na hydrate Na2SO4 · 10h20 = 5 sassa na NaCl
Kayayyakin Magana: 1. Tattaunawa akan hana wuraren rini da tabo na polyester saƙa da yadudduka na Chen Hai, Zhu Minmin, Lu Yong da Liu Yongsheng 2. Taimakawa ga matsalar polyester yarn farin foda ta Se Lang.

Dalilai da mafita na furanni masu launi
A baya can, WeChat ya yi magana musamman game da matsalar saurin sauri, wanda shine mafi yawan tambayoyin da ake yi na Dyers ba tare da iyakoki ba, yayin da matsalar furen launi ita ce tambaya ta biyu da aka fi tambaya tsakanin masu dyers ba tare da iyakoki ba: mai zuwa shine cikakken tsari na furanni masu launi, na farko. dalilai, na biyu, mafita, na uku, bayanan da suka dace.

A dunkule, dalilan su ne:
1. Tsarin tsari da matsalolin aiki:
Tsarin tsari mara ma'ana ko aiki mara kyau zai haifar da furanni masu launi;
Hanyar da ba ta da ma'ana (kamar hawan zafin jiki da sauri da faɗuwa)
Rashin aiki mara kyau, ƙulli a lokacin rini da rashin ƙarfi yayin rini;
Matsakaicin zafin jiki yana ƙaruwa da ƙarancin lokacin riƙewa;
Ruwan zazzagewa ba shi da tsabta, kuma ƙimar pH na saman zane ba daidai ba ne;
Tushen mai na rigar amfrayo yana da girma kuma ba a cire shi gaba ɗaya ba bayan an zarge shi;
Uniformity na pretreatment zane surface.

2. Matsalolin kayan aiki
gazawar kayan aiki
Misali, bambancin zafin jiki a cikin tanda na injin saitin zafi bayan rina polyester tare da tarwatsa dyes yana da sauƙi don samar da bambancin launi da furanni masu launi, kuma rashin isasshen ƙarfin famfo na injin rini na igiya shima yana da sauƙin samar da furanni masu launi.
Ƙarfin rini ya yi girma da tsayi sosai;
Injin rini yana gudana a hankali;Mutum mai rini ba shi da iyaka
An katange tsarin zagayawa, yawan gudu yana da jinkirin, kuma bututun ƙarfe bai dace ba.

3. Kayan danye
Uniformity na fiber albarkatun kasa da masana'anta tsarin.

4. Matsalar rini
Rini yana da sauƙin haɗuwa, rashin ƙarfi mara kyau, rashin daidaituwa mara kyau, kuma suna da matukar damuwa ga zafin jiki da pH, waɗanda suke da sauƙin samar da furanni masu launi da bambance-bambancen launi.Misali, mai amsawa turquoise KN-R yana da sauƙin samar da furanni masu launi.
Dalilan rini sun haɗa da rashin ƙarancin rini, ƙaurawar rini yayin rini da kuma kyawun rini.

5. Matsalolin ingancin ruwa
Rashin ingancin ruwa yana haifar da haɗuwa da rini da ions na ƙarfe ko haɗuwa da rini da ƙazanta, wanda ke haifar da furen launi, launi mai haske kuma babu samfurin.
Daidaita daidaitaccen ƙimar pH na wanka mai rini.

6. Matsalolin taimako
Rashin daidaitaccen sashi na additives;Daga cikin auxiliaries, auxiliaries da ke da alaƙa da furen launi galibi sun haɗa da penetrant, wakili mai daidaitawa, tarwatsawar chelating, wakili na sarrafa ƙimar pH, da sauransu.
Magani don launuka daban-daban da furanni
Furen da ba su dace ba ana yin su su zama furanni masu launi.
Ba daidai ba ne da kuma cire ƙazanta a kan masana'anta suna sa yawan sha danshi na ɓangaren masana'anta ya bambanta, yana haifar da furanni masu launi.

Matakan
1. Za a yi allurar da za a yi masu gwargwado da yawa a cikin batches, kuma a cika abubuwan da za a ba su gaba ɗaya.Tasirin allurar hydrogen peroxide a digiri 60-70 ya fi kyau.
2. Lokacin adana zafi mai dafa abinci dole ne ya kasance mai ƙarfi daidai da buƙatun tsari.
3. Za a ci gaba da adana zafi na ɗan lokaci don maganin nannade mataccen mayafi.
Tabon ruwan da aka zarga ba a bayyana ba, kuma rigar amfrayo tana cike da alkali, wanda ke haifar da furanni masu launi.

Matakan
Bayan wanke ruwa, watau, bayan 10% glacial acetic acid an haɗe shi da sauran alkali, sake wanke ruwa don yin farfajiyar ph7-7.5.
Ba a tsaftace ragowar iskar oxygen a saman zane bayan dafa abinci.

Matakan
A halin yanzu, yawancin su an kashe su da kayan aikin deaerator.A cikin hanyoyin al'ada, ana yin allurar glacial acetic acid mai ƙima na minti 5, ana ƙara yawan zafin jiki zuwa 50 ° C na minti 5, ana allurar deaerator mai ƙididdigewa da ruwa mai tsabta, ana kiyaye zafin jiki na minti 15, kuma ana ɗaukar samfurin ruwa. auna abun ciki na oxygen.
Kayan sinadarai marasa daidaituwa da rashin narkewar rini suna haifar da furen launi.

Matakan
Da farko a motsa cikin ruwan sanyi, sannan a narke cikin ruwan dumi.Daidaita yanayin sinadarai bisa ga kayan rini.Yanayin zafin jiki na dyes masu amsawa na al'ada bai kamata ya wuce 60 ° C. Ya kamata a sanyaya rini na musamman, kamar shuɗi mai haske br_ v. Za'a iya amfani da kayan sinadarai dabam dabam, waɗanda dole ne a zuga su sosai, a diluted da tacewa.

Ƙara saurin mai tallata rini (sodium hydroxide ko gishiri) yayi sauri sosai.

Sakamakon
Da sauri zai kai ga masu tallata rini a saman igiya kamar masana'anta, tare da yawa daban-daban, wanda ke haifar da masu tallata rini daban-daban a saman da ciki, da samar da furanni masu launi.

Matakan
1. Za a ƙara rini a cikin batches, kuma kowane ƙari zai kasance a hankali da kuma uniform.
2. Ƙarin ƙarar ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da lokacin farko kuma fiye da na biyu.Tazarar tsakanin kowane ƙari shine mintuna 10-15 don yin haɓakar rini uniform.
Ana ƙara wakili mai gyara launi (wakilin alkali) da sauri da yawa, yana haifar da furen launi.

Matakan
1. Za a yi allurar alkali na yau da kullun a cikin sau uku, tare da ƙa'idar ƙasa ta farko da ƙari daga baya.Na farko sashi shine 1% 10. Na biyu sashi shine 3% 10. Na ƙarshe sashi shine 6% 10.
2. Kowane ƙari zai kasance a hankali da kuma uniform.
3. Gudun hawan zafin jiki bai kamata ya yi sauri ba.Bambance-bambance a cikin farfajiyar masana'anta na igiya zai haifar da bambanci a cikin ƙimar ɗaukar launi kuma launi zai zama fure.Tsaya sarrafa yawan dumama (1-2 ℃ / min) kuma daidaita ƙarar tururi a bangarorin biyu.
Rabon wanka yayi ƙanƙanta, yana haifar da bambancin launi da furen launi.
Yanzu da yawa masana'antu ne iska Silinda rini kayan aiki,
Matakan: ƙware yawan ruwa bisa ga buƙatun tsari.

Sabulun wanke launin fure.
Ruwan wankewa bayan rini bai bayyana ba, abun ciki na pH yana da yawa yayin sabulu, kuma zafin jiki yana tashi da sauri don samar da furanni masu launi.Bayan zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa ƙayyadadden zafin jiki, za a adana shi na ɗan lokaci.

Matakan:
Ruwan wankin yana da tsabta kuma an cire shi tare da sabulun acid a wasu masana'antu.Ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a cikin injin rini na kimanin minti 10, sa'an nan kuma ya kamata a ɗaga zafin jiki.Idan ya dace da launuka masu laushi kamar tafkin blue da launin shuɗi, gwada gwada pH kafin yin sabulu.

Tabbas, tare da fitowar sabbin sabulu, akwai ƙananan sabulun zafin jiki a kasuwa, wanda wani lamari ne.
Ruwan wankewa a cikin wankan rini bai bayyana ba, yana haifar da furanni masu launi da tabo.
Bayan an yi sabulu, ba a wanke ragowar ruwan da kyau, wanda hakan ke sanya yawan ruwan saura a saman da kuma na cikin masana’anta ya bambanta, kuma a sanya shi a kan masana’anta don samar da furanni masu launi yayin bushewa.

Matakan:
Bayan rini, wanke da isasshen ruwa don cire launi mai iyo.
Bambancin launi (bambancin silinda, bambancin ratsi) wanda ya haifar da ƙara launi.
1. Abubuwan da ke haifar da bambancin launi
A. Gudun ciyarwa ya bambanta.Idan adadin tallan rini ya kasance ƙarami, zai shafi ko an ƙara shi sau da yawa.Alal misali, idan an ƙara shi a cikin lokaci ɗaya, lokacin yana da gajeren lokaci, kuma haɓakar rini bai isa ba, yana haifar da launin launi.
B. Yin shafa mara daidaituwa a bangarorin biyu na ciyarwa, yana haifar da bambancin tsiri, kamar duhu a gefe ɗaya da ƙarancin haske a ɗayan gefen.
C. Lokacin riƙewa
D. Bambancin launi yana haifar da hanyoyi daban-daban na yanke launi.Bukatun: yanke samfurori da daidaita launuka a cikin hanya guda.
Alal misali, bayan kwanaki 20 na adana zafi, ana yanke samfurori don daidaita launi, kuma digiri na wanke bayan yanke ya bambanta.
E. Bambancin launi yana haifar da nau'in wanka daban-daban.Ƙananan rabon wanka: zurfin launi babban rabo na wanka: hasken launi
F. Matsayin bayan jiyya ya bambanta.Bayan jiyya ya isa, cire launi mai iyo ya isa, kuma launi ya fi sauƙi fiye da rashin isa bayan magani.
G. Akwai bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin bangarorin biyu da na tsakiya, yana haifar da bambancin tsiri
Ƙarin launi ya kamata ya kasance a hankali, aƙalla minti 20 don allurar ƙididdiga, da minti 30-40 don launi mai mahimmanci.

2. Ciyarwa da gano launi.
1) Yanayin hasken launi:
A. Da farko, duba takardar sayan magani na asali kuma auna rini bisa ga girman bambancin launi da nauyin masana'anta.
B. Rini mai neman launi dole ne a narkar da shi sosai, a diluted kuma a yi amfani da shi bayan tacewa.
C. Binciken launi ya dace da ciyarwa a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi na al'ada, kuma ciyarwar yana jinkirin kuma bai dace ba, don hana aikin daga yin sauri da kuma haifar da launi.
2) Yanayin zurfin launi
A. Ƙarfafa sabulu da isasshiyar magani bayan jiyya.
B. Ƙara Na2CO3 don ɗan canza launi.
Abubuwan da ke sama ɗimbin tarin "mai rini", "mai rini ba tare da iyakoki ba", da bayanan cibiyar sadarwa, kuma masu rini ne suka haɗa su ba tare da iyakoki ba.Da fatan za a nuna idan kun sake buga shi.
3. Saurin launi
A cewar dyebbs A cewar kididdigar.Com, sauri ita ce tambayar da aka fi yawan yi a tsakanin duk tambayoyin rini.Sautin rini yana buƙatar babban ingancin rini da yadudduka da aka buga.Za'a iya bayyana yanayi ko matakin bambancin yanayin rini ta saurin rini.Yana da alaƙa da tsarin yarn, tsarin masana'anta, hanyar bugawa da rini, nau'in rini da ƙarfin waje.Bukatun daban-daban don saurin launi zai haifar da babban bambanci a farashi da inganci.
1. Babban saurin yadi guda shida
1. Azumi ga hasken rana
Tsawon rana yana nufin matakin canza launin yadudduka masu launi ta hasken rana.Hanyar gwaji na iya zama haskaka hasken rana ko fidda injin hasken rana.Matsakaicin raguwa na samfurin bayan bayyanar hasken rana an kwatanta shi da daidaitaccen samfurin launi, wanda aka raba zuwa matakan 8, matakan 8 sune mafi kyau kuma matakin 1 shine mafi muni.Yadudduka da rashin saurin rana bai kamata a fallasa su zuwa rana na dogon lokaci ba, kuma a sanya su a wuri mai iska don bushewa a cikin inuwa.
2. Saurin shafa
Saurin gogewa yana nufin adadin asarar launi na yadudduka rina bayan shafa, wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa busasshen shafa da rigar shafa.Ana ƙididdige saurin gogewa bisa la'akari da matakin farar zane, wanda aka raba zuwa matakan 5 (1-5).Mafi girman ƙimar, mafi kyawun saurin gogewa.Rayuwar sabis na yadudduka tare da saurin shafa mara kyau yana iyakance.
3. saurin wankewa
Wankin ruwa ko saurin sabulu yana nufin matakin canjin launi na masana'anta da aka rina bayan wankewa da ruwan wanka.Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da katin ƙima mai launin toka azaman ma'aunin kimantawa, wato, bambancin launi tsakanin samfurin asali da samfurin bayan faɗuwa ana amfani da shi don kimantawa.An raba saurin wankewa zuwa maki 5, aji na 5 shine mafi kyau sannan 1 shine mafi muni.Ya kamata a tsabtace masana'anta tare da rashin saurin wankewa.Idan an aiwatar da tsabtace rigar, ya kamata a ba da hankali sau biyu ga yanayin wanka, kamar zafin wanka bai kamata ya yi yawa ba kuma lokacin wankewa bai kamata ya yi tsayi da yawa ba.
4. Guguwar guguwa
Ƙaƙƙarfan baƙin ƙarfe yana nufin matakin canza launin ko dusasshiyar yadudduka rini yayin guga.Ana ƙididdige matakin canza launi da faɗuwa ta hanyar ɓacin ƙarfe a kan wasu yadudduka a lokaci guda.An raba saurin baƙin ƙarfe zuwa aji na 1-5, aji na 5 shine mafi kyau kuma aji 1 shine mafi muni.Lokacin gwada saurin ƙarfe na masana'anta daban-daban, yakamata a zaɓi zafin ƙarfe na ƙarfe.
5. saurin zufa
Saurin zufa yana nufin matakin canza launin yadudduka rina bayan an jiƙa da gumi.Ana gwada saurin gumi gabaɗaya a haɗe tare da sauran saurin launi ban da ma'aunin daban saboda abubuwan da ke tattare da gumi na wucin gadi sun bambanta.An raba saurin zufa zuwa maki 1-5, kuma mafi girman ƙimar, mafi kyau.
6. Sautin Sublimation
Sublimation azumi yana nufin matakin sublimation na yadudduka rina a lokacin ajiya.Matsakaicin canjin launi, faɗuwa da launin fata na fata na masana'anta bayan busassun zafi-matsawa ana tantance su ta hanyar katin samfurin grading grading don saurin saurin sulimation.An raba shi zuwa maki 5, tare da aji na 1 shine mafi muni kuma 5 shine mafi kyau.Ana buƙatar saurin rini na yadudduka na yau da kullun don isa aji na 3-4 don biyan buƙatun sawa.
2. Yadda ake sarrafa saurin gudu daban-daban
Bayan rini, ana iya bayyana ikon masana'anta don kiyaye launi na asali ta hanyar gwada saurin launi daban-daban.Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su don gwada saurin rini sun haɗa da saurin wankewa, saurin shafa, saurin hasken rana, saurin sublimation da sauransu.
Mafi kyawun saurin wankewa, saurin shafa, saurin hasken rana da saurin jujjuyawar masana'anta, mafi kyawun rini na masana'anta.
Babban abubuwan da ke shafar saurin da ke sama sun haɗa da abubuwa biyu:
Na farko shine aikin rini
Na biyu shine tsarin yin rini da gamawa
Zaɓin zaɓin rini tare da kyakkyawan aiki shine tushen don inganta saurin rini, kuma tsara tsarin rini mai ma'ana da ƙarewa shine mabuɗin don tabbatar da saurin rini.Dukan biyun suna daidaita juna kuma ba za a iya watsi da su ba.

saurin wankewa
Saurin wankin yadudduka ya haɗa da saurin launi zuwa dushewa da saurin launi zuwa tabo.Gabaɗaya, mafi munin saurin launi na yadi, mafi munin saurin launi zuwa tabo.Lokacin gwada saurin launi na yadi, za'a iya ƙayyade saurin launi na fiber ɗin ta hanyar gwada saurin launi na fiber zuwa filayen yadi guda shida da aka saba amfani da su (waɗannan filayen yadi guda shida da aka saba amfani da su galibi sun haɗa da polyester, nailan, auduga, acetate, ulu, siliki, da acrylic).

Gwaje-gwaje akan saurin launi na nau'ikan fibers guda shida gabaɗaya ana gudanar da su ta wani kamfani mai zaman kansa na ƙwararrun ƙwararru tare da cancanta, wanda ke da maƙasudi da gaskiya.) Don samfuran fiber cellulose, saurin ruwa na dyes mai amsawa ya fi.